android studio实现简单的计算器功能

本文实例为大家分享了android studio实现计算器的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

先来个效果图：

功能：满足加减乘除四则运算规则，有回退、清除功能。

下面的代码只是完成基本功能，若添加背景图先看看下面的方法：Android Studio App设置背景图片

1、本地准备好图片，复制它，粘贴进mipmap（drawable）文件夹。

2、在activity_main.xml里添加下面代码，注意添加位置。

3、完成，效果图：

content_main.xml文件（页面布局，content_main.xml代码包含在activity_main.xml文件中）：

<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android=\"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android\"
 xmlns:app=\"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto\"
 xmlns:tools=\"http://schemas.android.com/tools\"
 android:id=\"@+id/next\"
 android:layout_width=\"match_parent\"
 android:layout_height=\"match_parent\"
 app:layout_behavior=\"@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior\"
 tools:context=\".MainActivity\"
 tools:showIn=\"@layout/activity_main\">

 <!--<TextView-->
 <!--android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"-->
 <!--android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"-->
 <!--android:text=\"Hello World!\"-->
 <!--app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf=\"parent\"-->
 <!--app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf=\"parent\"-->
 <!--app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf=\"parent\"-->
 <!--app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf=\"parent\" />-->


 <LinearLayout
 android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\"
 android:layout_height=\"match_parent\"
 android:orientation=\"vertical\" >


 <EditText
 android:id=\"@+id/input\"
 android:layout_width=\"match_parent\"
 android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
 android:layout_gravity=\"center\"
 android:editable=\"false\"
 android:hint=\"@string/shuru\" />

 <EditText
 android:id=\"@+id/output\"
 android:layout_width=\"match_parent\"
 android:layout_height=\"70dp\"
 android:layout_gravity=\"center\"
 android:editable=\"true\"
 android:gravity=\"right\"
 android:hint=\"@string/shuchu\" />

 <RelativeLayout
 android:layout_width=\"350dp\"
 android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
 android:layout_gravity=\"center\">

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/clear\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_alignParentLeft=\"true\"
  android:text=\"@string/clear\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/back\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_toRightOf=\"@id/clear\"
  android:text=\"@string/back\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/divide\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_toRightOf=\"@id/back\"
  android:text=\"@string/divide\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/multiply\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_toRightOf=\"@id/divide\"
  android:text=\"@string/multiply\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/seven\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_alignParentLeft=\"true\"
  android:layout_below=\"@id/clear\"
  android:text=\"@string/seven\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/eight\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_toRightOf=\"@id/seven\"
  android:layout_below=\"@id/divide\"
  android:text=\"@string/eight\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/nine\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_below=\"@id/multiply\"
  android:layout_toRightOf=\"@id/eight\"
  android:text=\"@string/nine\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/subtract\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_alignParentRight=\"true\"
  android:layout_below=\"@id/multiply\"
  android:layout_toRightOf=\"@id/nine\"
  android:text=\"@string/subtract\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/four\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_alignParentLeft=\"true\"
  android:layout_below=\"@id/seven\"
  android:text=\"@string/four\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/five\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_below=\"@id/eight\"
  android:layout_toRightOf=\"@id/four\"
  android:text=\"@string/five\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/six\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_below=\"@id/nine\"
  android:layout_toRightOf=\"@id/five\"
  android:text=\"@string/six\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/add\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_alignParentRight=\"true\"
  android:layout_below=\"@id/subtract\"
  android:layout_toRightOf=\"@id/six\"
  android:text=\"@string/add\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/one\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_alignParentLeft=\"true\"

  android:layout_below=\"@id/four\"
  android:text=\"@string/one\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/two\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_below=\"@id/five\"
  android:layout_toRightOf=\"@id/one\"
  android:text=\"@string/two\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/three\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_below=\"@id/six\"
  android:layout_toRightOf=\"@id/two\"
  android:text=\"@string/three\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/result\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"146dp\"
  android:layout_alignParentRight=\"true\"
  android:layout_below=\"@id/add\"
  android:layout_toRightOf=\"@id/three\"
  android:text=\"@string/result\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />


 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/zero\"
  android:layout_width=\"175dp\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_alignParentLeft=\"true\"
  android:layout_below=\"@id/one\"
  android:text=\"@string/zero\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 <Button
  android:id=\"@+id/dot\"
  android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
  android:layout_below=\"@id/three\"
  android:layout_toRightOf=\"@id/zero\"
  android:text=\"@string/dot\"
  android:textSize=\"40sp\" />

 </RelativeLayout>

 </LinearLayout>


</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

strings.xml（content_main.xml代码中的一些变量在此代码中定义的）：

<resources>
 <string name=\"app_name\">Calculator</string>
 <string name=\"action_settings\">Settings</string>
 <string name=\"title_activity_page2\">page2</string>

 <string name=\"next\">下一页</string>
 <string name=\"zero\">0</string>
 <string name=\"one\">1</string>
 <string name=\"two\">2</string>
 <string name=\"three\">3</string>
 <string name=\"four\">4</string>
 <string name=\"five\">5</string>
 <string name=\"six\">6</string>
 <string name=\"seven\">7</string>
 <string name=\"eight\">8</string>
 <string name=\"nine\">9</string>
 <string name=\"add\">+</string>
 <string name=\"subtract\">-</string>
 <string name=\"multiply\">*</string>
 <string name=\"divide\">/</string>
 <string name=\"clear\">CE</string>
 <string name=\"back\"><-</string>
 <string name=\"result\">=</string>
 <string name=\"shuru\">请输入：</string>
 <string name=\"shuchu\">结果:</string>
 <string name=\"dot\">.</string>
 <string name=\"resultText\">计算式</string>

</resources>

MainActivity.Java（计算器中实现计算功能的核心代码）：

package com.example.dell.calculator;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton;
import android.support.design.widget.Snackbar;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.CheckBox;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Button;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;


public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

 private EditText output = null;
 private EditText input = null;
 private Button btn0 = null;
 private Button btn1 = null;
 private Button btn2 = null;
 private Button btn3 = null;
 private Button btn4 = null;
 private Button btn5 = null;
 private Button btn6 = null;
 private Button btn7 = null;
 private Button btn8 = null;
 private Button btn9 = null;
 private Button btnadd = null;
 private Button btnsubtract = null;
 private Button btnmultiply = null;
 private Button btndivide = null;
 private Button btnclear = null;
 private Button btnback = null;
 private Button btndot = null;
 private Button btnresult = null;

 private String text = \"\";//保存输入的数字和符号
 private Double result = 0.0;//输出结果

 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
 setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
 Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
 setSupportActionBar(toolbar);

 output = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.output);
 input = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.input);

 btn0 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.zero);
 btn1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.one);
 btn2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.two);
 btn3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.three);
 btn4 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.four);
 btn5 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.five);
 btn6 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.six);
 btn7 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.seven);
 btn8 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.eight);
 btn9 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.nine);
 btnadd = (Button) findViewById(R.id.add);
 btnsubtract = (Button) findViewById(R.id.subtract);
 btnmultiply = (Button) findViewById(R.id.multiply);
 btndivide = (Button) findViewById(R.id.divide);
 btnclear = (Button) findViewById(R.id.clear);
 btnback = (Button) findViewById(R.id.back);
 btndot = (Button) findViewById(R.id.dot);
 btnresult = (Button) findViewById(R.id.result);

 //设置按钮侦听事件
 btn0.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btn1.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btn2.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btn3.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btn4.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btn5.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btn6.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btn7.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btn8.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btn9.setOnClickListener(listener);

 btnadd.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btnsubtract.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btnmultiply.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btndivide.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btnclear.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btnback.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btndot.setOnClickListener(listener);
 btnresult.setOnClickListener(listener);


 FloatingActionButton fab = (FloatingActionButton) findViewById(R.id.fab);
 fab.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
  @Override
  public void onClick(View view) {
  Snackbar.make(view, \"Replace with your own action\", Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG)
   .setAction(\"Action\", null).show();
  }
 });
 }

 @Override
 public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
 // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
 getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
 return true;
 }

 @Override
 public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
 // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
 // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
 // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
 int id = item.getItemId();

 //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
 if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
  return true;
 }

 return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
 }


 //public void onClickNext(View view) {
 // Intent intent = new Intent(this,page2.class);
 // startActivity(intent);
 // }


 private OnClickListener listener = new OnClickListener() {

 public void onClick(View v) {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  switch (v.getId()) {
  //输入数字
  case R.id.zero:
   num(0);
   break;
  case R.id.one:
   num(1);
   break;
  case R.id.two:
   num(2);
   break;
  case R.id.three:
   num(3);
   break;
  case R.id.four:
   num(4);
   break;
  case R.id.five:
   num(5);
   break;
  case R.id.six:
   num(6);
   break;
  case R.id.seven:
   num(7);
   break;
  case R.id.eight:
   num(8);
   break;
  case R.id.nine:
   num(9);
   break;

  case R.id.dot:
  dot();
  break;
  //执行运算
  case R.id.add:
   add();
   break;
  case R.id.subtract:
   sub();
   break;
  case R.id.multiply:
   multiply();
   break;
  case R.id.divide:
   divide();
   break;
  case R.id.clear:
   clear();
   break;
  case R.id.back:
   back();
   break;
  //计算结果
  case R.id.result:
   result();
   break;

  default:
   break;

  }
  input.setText(text);
  output.setText(String.valueOf(result));

 }
 };

 private void num(int i) {
 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
 text = text + String.valueOf(i);
 }

 private void dot() {
 // TODO Auto-generated method stub

 text = text + \".\";
 }

 private void clear() {
 // TODO Auto-generated method stub

 text = \"\";
 result = null;
 input.setText(\"\");
 output.setText(\"\");

 }

 private void back() {
 // TODO Auto-generated method stub

 String str = text.substring(0, text.length()-1);
 text = str;

 }

 private void add() {
 // TODO Auto-generated method stub

 text += \"+\";

 }

 private void sub() {
 // TODO Auto-generated method stub

 text += \"-\";

 }

 private void multiply() {
 // TODO Auto-generated method stub

 text += \"*\";

 }

 private void divide() {
 // TODO Auto-generated method stub

 text += \"/\";
 }

 //计算输出结果
 private void result() {
 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
 result = testOperation(text);
 }


 public Double testOperation(String s){
 //分割字符然后放进数组
 String s1 =s.replace(\"+\",\"-\");
 String[] str = s1.split(\"-\");
 double total1=0;
 //先遍历数组，把里面的乘除结果算出来
 for(String str1:str){
  if(str1.contains(\"*\")||str1.contains(\"/\")){
  double total = 0;
  for(int i =0;i<str1.length();){
   int count =1;
   a:for(int j =i+1;j<str1.length();j++){
   char c =str1.charAt(j);
   if(c==\'*\'||c==\'/\'){
    break a;
   }else{
    count++;
   }
   }

   //将数字截取出来
   String s2 =str1.substring(i,i+count);
   double d = Double.parseDouble(s2);
   if(i==0){
   total = d;
   }else{
   char c1 = str1.charAt(i-1);
   if(c1==\'*\'){
    total*=d;
   }else if(c1==\'/\'){
    //如果除数为0，直接返回null;
    if(d == 0)
    return null;
    total/=d;
   }
   }
   i+=count+1;
  }
  s= s.replace(str1, total+\"\");
  }
 }
 //进行加减运算
 for(int i =0;i<s.length();i++){
  int count =1;
  a:for(int j=i+1;j<s.length();j++){
  char c = s.charAt(j);
  if(c==\'+\'||c==\'-\'){
   break a;
  }else{
   count++;
  }
  }
  String s3= s.substring(i,i+count);
  double d2 = Double.parseDouble(s3);
  if(i==0){
  total1 = d2;
  }else{
  char c = s.charAt(i-1);
  if(c==\'+\'){
   total1+=d2;
  }else if(c==\'-\'){
   total1-=d2;
  }
  }
  i+=count;
 }
 return total1;
 }

}

更多计算器功能实现，请点击专题：计算器功能汇总进行学习

关于Android计算器功能的实现，查看专题：Android计算器进行学习。

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