在使用selenium去获取淘宝商品信息时会遇到登录界面
这个登录界面处理的难度在于滑动验证的实现，有的人使用微博登录，避免了滑动验证，那可不可以使用密码登录呢？答案是可以的
实现思路
首先导入需要的库
from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains import time
1. 定位登录元素，点击跳转
代码如下：
password_login = self.wait.until( EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH,\"//div[@class=\'site-nav-sign\']//a[@class=\'h\']\"))) password_login.click()
这样就可以从首页跳转到登录页面
2. 获取用户和密码输入框，并输入信息
input_user = self.wait.until( EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH,\"//div[@class=\'input-plain-wrap input-wrap-loginid \']//input[@class=\'fm-text\']\"))) input_user.send_keys(\'用户\') input_password = self.browser.find_element_by_xpath(\"//div[@class=\'input-plain-wrap input-wrap-password\']//input[@class=\'fm-text\']\") input_password.send_keys(\'密码\')
3. 获取滑块元素
slider = self.wait.until( EC.element_to_be_clickable( (By.XPATH, \'//div[@class=\"scale_text slidetounlock\"]//span[@class=\"nc-lang-cnt\"]\')))
4. 滑块运动路径的实现
distance = 260 track = [] current = 0 # mid = distance*3/13 t = 1 v= 260 if current < distance: x = v*t current = current+x track.append(round(x))
这里的260是根据框的大小计算出来的
从图中我们可以看出来，框的大小是300*40，所以滑动距离是260
5. 按照运动路径拖动滑块
ActionChains(self.browser).click_and_hold(slider).perform() for i in tracks: ActionChains(self.browser).move_by_offset(xoffset=i,yoffset=0).perform() time.sleep(1) ActionChains(self.browser).release().perform()
6. 最后一步：获取登录按钮，点击登录
button = self.wait.until( EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH,\"//div[@class=\'fm-btn\']//button[@type=\'submit\']\"))) button.click()
代码整理
# encoding:utf-8 from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains import time class Taobao_login(object): def __init__(self): self.browser = webdriver.Chrome() self.browser.get(\'https://www.taobao.com\') self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.browser,10) #登录操作 def _put_info(self): #等待密码登录选项出现并跳转登录页面 password_login = self.wait.until( EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH,\"//div[@class=\'site-nav-sign\']//a[@class=\'h\']\"))) password_login.click() #登录 input_user = self.wait.until( EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH,\"//div[@class=\'input-plain-wrap input-wrap-loginid \']//input[@class=\'fm-text\']\"))) input_user.send_keys(\'用户\') input_password = self.browser.find_element_by_xpath(\"//div[@class=\'input-plain-wrap input-wrap-password\']//input[@class=\'fm-text\']\") input_password.send_keys(\'密码\') def _get_track(self): \'\'\' 获取运动轨迹 :return: 运动轨迹 \'\'\' #滑动验证 distance = 260 track = [] current = 0 # mid = distance*3/13 t = 1 v= 260 if current < distance: x = v*t current = current+x track.append(round(x)) return track def _get_slider(self): \'\'\' 获取滑块 :return: 滑块对象 \'\'\' slider = self.wait.until( EC.element_to_be_clickable( (By.XPATH, \'//div[@class=\"scale_text slidetounlock\"]//span[@class=\"nc-lang-cnt\"]\'))) return slider def _move_to_gap(self,slider,tracks): \'\'\' 按照tracks拖动滑块 :param spider: 滑块 :param tracks: 轨迹 :return: \'\'\' ActionChains(self.browser).click_and_hold(slider).perform() for i in tracks: ActionChains(self.browser).move_by_offset(xoffset=i,yoffset=0).perform() time.sleep(1) ActionChains(self.browser).release().perform() def _login(self): #点击登录 button = self.wait.until( EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH,\"//div[@class=\'fm-btn\']//button[@type=\'submit\']\"))) button.click() time.sleep(1) def run(self): self._put_info() time.sleep(1) # tracks = self._get_track() # slider = self._get_slider() # self._move_to_gap(slider,tracks) # time.sleep(1) # self._login() if __name__ == \'__main__\': login = Taobao_login() login.run()
总结
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