在科研学习的过程中，我们难免需要查询相关的文献资料，而想必很多小伙伴都知道SCI-HUB，此乃一大神器，它可以帮助我们搜索相关论文并下载其原文。可以说，SCI-HUB造福了众多科研人员，用起来也是“美滋滋”。
然而，当师姐告诉我：“xx，可以帮我下载几篇文献嘛?”。乐心助人的我自当是满口答应了，心想：“这种小事就交给我叭~”
于是乎，我收到了一个excel文档，66篇论文的列表安静地趟在里面（此刻心中碎碎念：“这尼玛，是几篇嘛…”）。我粗略算了一下，复制、粘贴、下载，一套流程走下来，每篇论文少说也得30秒，66篇的话….啊，这不能忍！
很显然，一篇一篇的下载，不是我的风格所以，我决定写一个论文下载器助我前行。
一、代码分析
代码分析的详细思路跟以往依旧如此雷同，逃不过的还是：抓包分析->模拟请求->代码整合。由于一会儿kimol君还得去搬砖，今天就不详细展开了。
1. 搜索论文
通过论文的URL、PMID、DOI号或者论文标题等搜索到对应的论文，并通过bs4库找出PDF原文的链接地址，代码如下：
def search_article(artName):
\'\'\'
搜索论文
---------------
输入：论文名
---------------
输出：搜索结果（如果没有返回\"\"，否则返回PDF链接）
\'\'\'
url = \'https://www.sci-hub.ren/\'
headers = {\'User-Agent\':\'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0\',
\'Accept\':\'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\',
\'Accept-Language\':\'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2\',
\'Accept-Encoding\':\'gzip, deflate, br\',
\'Content-Type\':\'application/x-www-form-urlencoded\',
\'Content-Length\':\'123\',
\'Origin\':\'https://www.sci-hub.ren\',
\'Connection\':\'keep-alive\',
\'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests\':\'1\'}
data = {\'sci-hub-plugin-check\':\'\',
\'request\':artName}
res = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data)
html = res.text
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, \'html.parser\')
iframe = soup.find(id=\'pdf\')
if iframe == None: # 未找到相应文章
return \'\'
else:
downUrl = iframe[\'src\']
if \'http\' not in downUrl:
downUrl = \'https:\'+downUrl
return downUrl
2. 下载论文
得到了论文的链接地址之后，只需要通过requests发送一个请求，即可将其下载：
def download_article(downUrl):
\'\'\'
根据论文链接下载文章
----------------------
输入：论文链接
----------------------
输出：PDF文件二进制
\'\'\'
headers = {\'User-Agent\':\'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0\',
\'Accept\':\'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\',
\'Accept-Language\':\'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2\',
\'Accept-Encoding\':\'gzip, deflate, br\',
\'Connection\':\'keep-alive\',
\'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests\':\'1\'}
res = requests.get(downUrl, headers=headers)
return res.content
二、完整代码
将上述两个函数整合之后，我的完整代码如下：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
\"\"\"
Created on Tue Jan 5 16:32:22 2021
@author: kimol_love
\"\"\"
import os
import time
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
def search_article(artName):
\'\'\'
搜索论文
---------------
输入：论文名
---------------
输出：搜索结果（如果没有返回\"\"，否则返回PDF链接）
\'\'\'
url = \'https://www.sci-hub.ren/\'
headers = {\'User-Agent\':\'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0\',
\'Accept\':\'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\',
\'Accept-Language\':\'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2\',
\'Accept-Encoding\':\'gzip, deflate, br\',
\'Content-Type\':\'application/x-www-form-urlencoded\',
\'Content-Length\':\'123\',
\'Origin\':\'https://www.sci-hub.ren\',
\'Connection\':\'keep-alive\',
\'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests\':\'1\'}
data = {\'sci-hub-plugin-check\':\'\',
\'request\':artName}
res = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data)
html = res.text
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, \'html.parser\')
iframe = soup.find(id=\'pdf\')
if iframe == None: # 未找到相应文章
return \'\'
else:
downUrl = iframe[\'src\']
if \'http\' not in downUrl:
downUrl = \'https:\'+downUrl
return downUrl
def download_article(downUrl):
\'\'\'
根据论文链接下载文章
----------------------
输入：论文链接
----------------------
输出：PDF文件二进制
\'\'\'
headers = {\'User-Agent\':\'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0\',
\'Accept\':\'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\',
\'Accept-Language\':\'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2\',
\'Accept-Encoding\':\'gzip, deflate, br\',
\'Connection\':\'keep-alive\',
\'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests\':\'1\'}
res = requests.get(downUrl, headers=headers)
return res.content
def welcome():
\'\'\'
欢迎界面
\'\'\'
os.system(\'cls\')
title = \'\'\'
_____ _____ _____ _ _ _ _ ____
/ ____|/ ____|_ _| | | | | | | | _ \\
| (___ | | | |______| |__| | | | | |_) |
\\___ \\| | | |______| __ | | | | _ <
____) | |____ _| |_ | | | | |__| | |_) |
|_____/ \\_____|_____| |_| |_|\\____/|____/
\'\'\'
print(title)
if __name__ == \'__main__\':
while True:
welcome()
request = input(\'请输入URL、PMID、DOI或者论文标题：\')
print(\'搜索中...\')
downUrl = search_article(request)
if downUrl == \'\':
print(\'未找到相关论文，请重新搜索！\')
else:
print(\'论文链接：%s\'%downUrl)
print(\'下载中...\')
pdf = download_article(downUrl)
with open(\'%s.pdf\'%request, \'wb\') as f:
f.write(pdf)
print(\'---下载完成---\')
time.sleep(0.8)
不出所料，代码一跑，我便轻松完成了师姐交给我的任务，不香嘛？
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