一、分析php发送网网络请求的方法
对于php发送网络请求，我们最常用的请求就是curl,有时我们也会用到file_get_contents函数发送网络请求，但file_get_contents只能完成一些间单的网络请求，稍复杂的就无法完成，例如文件上传，cookies，验证，表单提交等，用php的curl可以使用URL的语法模拟浏览器来传输数据，因为它是模拟浏览器，因此它同样支持多种协议，FTP, FTPS, HTTP, HTTPS, GOPHER, TELNET, DICT, FILE 以及 LDAP等协议都可以很好的支持，包括一些：HTTPS认证，HTTP POST方法，HTTP PUT方法，FTP上传，keyberos认证，HTTP上传，代理服务器，cookies，用户名/密码认证，下载文件断点续传，上传文件断点续传，http代理服务器管道，甚至它还支持IPv6，scoket5代理服务器，通过http代理服务器上传文件到FTP服务器等等，所以我们在开发中尽量用curl发网络请求，无论是简单还是复杂
二、file_get_contents发送网络请求示例
file_get_contents(path,include_path,context,start,max_length)
一般用file_get_contents或者fopen, file , readfile等函数读取url的时候 会创建一个$http_response_header变量保存HTTP响应的报头,使用fopen等函数打开的数据流信息可以用stream_get_meta_data获取
$html = file_get_contents(\'http://www.baidu.com\'); print_r($http_response_header); $fp = fopen(\'http://www.baidu.com\', \'r\'); print_r(stream_get_meta_data($fp)); fclose($fp);
摸拟post请求：
$url = \'http://192.168.1.1/test.php\';
$data = array(
\'keyword\' => \'test data\',
);
$content = http_build_query($data);
$content_length = strlen($content);
$options = array(
\'http\' => array(
\'method\' => \'POST\',
\'header\' =>
\"Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\\r\\n\" .
\"Content-length: $content_length\\r\\n\",
\'content\' => $content
)
);
echo file_get_contents($url, false, stream_context_create($options));
三、php 用curl发送网络请求
curl可以支持https认证、http post、ftp上传、代理、cookies、简单口令认证等等功能,使用前需要先在你的PHP环境中安装和启用curl模块，这里有两种写法供大家参考：
<?php
function geturl($url){
$headerArray =array(\"Content-type:application/json;\",\"Accept:application/json\");
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,$headerArray);
$output = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
$output = json_decode($output,true);
return $output;
}
function posturl($url,$data){
$data = json_encode($data);
$headerArray =array(\"Content-type:application/json;charset=\'utf-8\'\",\"Accept:application/json\");
$curl = curl_init();
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST,FALSE);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
curl_setopt($curl,CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,$headerArray);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
$output = curl_exec($curl);
curl_close($curl);
return json_decode($output，true);
}
function puturl($url,$data){
$data = json_encode($data);
$ch = curl_init(); //初始化CURL句柄
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url); //设置请求的URL
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array(\'Content-type:application/json\'));
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,1); //设为TRUE把curl_exec()结果转化为字串，而不是直接输出
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST,\"PUT\"); //设置请求方式
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);//设置提交的字符串
$output = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
return json_decode($output,true);
}
function delurl($url,$data){
$data = json_encode($data);
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt ($ch,CURLOPT_URL,$put_url);
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array(\'Content-type:application/json\'));
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, \"DELETE\");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS,$data);
$output = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
$output = json_decode($output,true);
}
function patchurl($url,$data){
$data = json_encode($data);
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt ($ch,CURLOPT_URL,$url);
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array(\'Content-type:application/json\'));
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, \"PATCH\");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS,$data); //20170611修改接口，用/id的方式传递，直接写在url中了
$output = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
$output = json_decode($output);
return $output;
}
?>
一个函数片时各种请求：
function sendCurl($url, $data = null,$method=\'POST\')
{
$method=strtoupper($method);
$start_wdmcurl_time = microtime(true);
$header = array(\' application/x-www-form-urlencoded\');
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FAILONERROR, false);
// https 请求
if (strlen($url) > 5 && strtolower(substr($url, 0, 5)) == \"https\")
{
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, false);
}
if($method==\'GET\'){
if($data && is_array($data) && count($data)>0 ){
$url.=\"?\".http_build_query($data);
}
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
}elseif($method==\'POST\'){
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
if (is_array($data) && count($data)>0)
{
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
$isPostMultipart = false;
foreach ($data as $k => $v)
{
if (\'@\' == substr($v, 0, 1))
{
$isPostMultipart = true;
break;
}
}
unset($k, $v);
if ($isPostMultipart) {
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
} else {
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query($data));
}
}
}elseif(in_array($method,[\'PUT\',\'DELETE\',\'PATCH\'])){
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST,$method);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
}
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,$header);
$reponse = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
return $reponse;
}
四、使用php composer的扩展guzzlehttp
composer require guzzlehttp/guzzle
$client = new \\GuzzleHttp\\Client();
$response = $client->request(\'GET\', \'https://api.github.com/repos/guzzle/guzzle\');
echo $response->getStatusCode(); // 200
echo $response->getHeaderLine(\'content-type\'); // \'application/json; charset=utf8\'
echo $response->getBody(); // \'{\"id\": 1420053, \"name\": \"guzzle\", ...}\'
// Send an asynchronous request.
$request = new \\GuzzleHttp\\Psr7\\Request(\'GET\', \'http://httpbin.org\');
$promise = $client->sendAsync($request)->then(function ($response) {
echo \'I completed! \' . $response->getBody();
});
$promise->wait();
日常开发中我们尽量用方法三，自定义用curl处理网络请求，或用composer的guzzlehttp扩展库，有起来也很方便。
以上就是PHP实现网络请求的方法总结的详细内容，更多关于PHP网络请求的资料请关注其它相关文章！
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