Django 实现图片上传和下载功能

原生上传图片方式

#新建工程 
python manage.py startapp test30
#修改 settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
  \'django.contrib.admin\',
  \'django.contrib.auth\',
  \'django.contrib.contenttypes\',
  \'django.contrib.sessions\',
  \'django.contrib.messages\',
  \'django.contrib.staticfiles\',
  \'stu\'
]
#修改urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [
  url(r\'^admin/\', admin.site.urls),
  url(r\'student/\',include(\'stu.urls\')),
]
#新增加 stu/urls.py 
#coding:utf-8
from django.conf.urls import url
import views
urlpatterns = [
  url(r\'^$\',views.index_view)
]
#编辑 stu/views.py 
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.
#原生上传文件方式
def index_view(request):
  if request.method == \'GET\':
    return render(request,\'index.html\')
  elif request.method == \'POST\':
    #获取请求参数
    uname = request.POST.get(\'uname\',\'\')
    photo = request.FILES.get(\'photo\',\'\')
    print photo.name
    import os
    print os.getcwd()
    if not os.path.exists(\'media\'):
       os.mkdir(\'media\')
    #拼接路径
    with open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),\'media\',photo.name),\'wb\') as fw:
      # photo.read() #一次性读取文件到内存
      # fw.write(photo.read())

      #分块读取,性能高
      for ck in photo.chunks():
        fw.write(ck)

    return HttpResponse(\'It is post request,上传成功\')

  else:
    return HttpResponse(\'It is not post and get request!\')
#新增加模板文件 templates/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang=\"en\">
<head>
  <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">
  <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action=\"/student/\" method=\"post\" enctype=\"multipart/form-data\">
  {% csrf_token %}
  <p>
    <label for=\"ua\">姓名: </label> <input type=\"text\" name=\"uname\" id=\"ua\"/>
  </p>
  <p>
    <label for=\"ph\">头像: </label> <input type=\"file\" name=\"photo\" id=\"ph\"/>
  </p>
  <p>
    &emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;<input type=\"submit\" value=\"注册\"/>
  </p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
#效果如下:
访问: http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/

Django 实现图片上传和下载功能

Django 实现图片上传和下载功能

Django 实现图片上传和下载功能

Django 图片上传方式

需求:
效果: 访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/ 通过注册将姓名、头像地址传入数据库中;
访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/showall 将数据库信息通过表格形式展示

###过程
#修改 settings.py ,templates 新增加 \'django.template.context_processors.media\'
TEMPLATES = [
  {
    \'BACKEND\': \'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates\',
    \'DIRS\': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, \'templates\')]
    ,
    \'APP_DIRS\': True,
    \'OPTIONS\': {
      \'context_processors\': [
        \'django.template.context_processors.debug\',
        \'django.template.context_processors.request\',
        \'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth\',
        \'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages\',
        \'django.template.context_processors.media\'
      ],
    },
  },
]

末尾增加:
# global_settings
#指定上传文件存储相对路径(读取文件)
MEDIA_URL = \'/media/\'
#指定上传文件存储绝对路径(存储文件)
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,\'media\')

#创建数据库模型 stu/models.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Student(models.Model):
  sno = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
  sname = models.CharField(max_length=30)
  photo = models.ImageField(upload_to=\'imgs\')

  def __unicode__(self):
    return u\'Student:%s\'%self.sname
#生成数据库迁移文件,查看数据库表结构
python makemigrations stu
python migrate 


#修改 urls.py 因为显示问题,增加 DEBUG 内容
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin

from test30.settings import DEBUG, MEDIA_ROOT

urlpatterns = [
  url(r\'^admin/\', admin.site.urls),
  url(r\'student/\',include(\'stu.urls\')),
]
from django.views.static import serve
if DEBUG:
  urlpatterns+=url(r\'^media/(?P<path>.*)/$\', serve, {\"document_root\": MEDIA_ROOT}),

#修改 urls, stu/urls.py
#coding:utf-8
from django.conf.urls import url
import views
urlpatterns = [
  url(r\'^$\',views.index_view),
  url(r\'^upload/$\',views.upload_view),
  url(r\'^showall/$\',views.showall_view)
]

# 修改 stu/views.py
#django 上传文件方式
def upload_view(request):
  uname = request.POST.get(\'uname\',\'\')
  photo = request.FILES.get(\'photo\',\'\')
  #入库操作
  Student.objects.create(sname=uname,photo=photo)
  return HttpResponse(\'上传成功!\')

#显示图片
def showall_view(request):
  stus = Student.objects.all()
  print stus
  return render(request,\'show.html\',{\'stus\':stus})

# 修改 index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang=\"en\">
<head>
  <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">
  <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action=\"/student/upload/\" method=\"post\" enctype=\"multipart/form-data\">
  {% csrf_token %}
  <p>
    <label for=\"ua\">姓名: </label> <input type=\"text\" name=\"uname\" id=\"ua\"/>
  </p>
  <p>
    <label for=\"ph\">头像: </label> <input type=\"file\" name=\"photo\" id=\"ph\"/>
  </p>
  <p>
    &emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;<input type=\"submit\" value=\"注册\"/>
  </p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
# 增加模板文件 show.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang=\"en\">
<head>
  <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">
  <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<table width=\"500px\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\">
  <tr>
    <th>编号</th>
    <th>姓名</th>
    <th>头像</th>
    <th>操作</th>
  </tr>
  {% for stu in stus %}
  <tr>
  <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
  <td>{{ stu.sname }}</td>
  <td><img style=\"width: 200px;\" src=\"{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ stu.photo }}\"/></td>
  <td> 下载</td>
  </tr>
  {% endfor %}

</table>
</body>
</html>
效果图:
http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/ 注册实现数据库录入操作(点击提交通过index.html 中action=\"/student/upload/\" 将url 转发至函数upload_view ,实现上传功能)
http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/showall/ 实现数据库信息展示

Django 实现图片上传和下载功能

Django 实现图片上传和下载功能

图片下载功能

### 需求
在显示页面点击下载实现图片的下载功能
过程:

#修改 show.html ,加入 下载的超链接
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang=\"en\">
<head>
  <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">
  <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<table width=\"500px\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\">
  <tr>
    <th>编号</th>
    <th>姓名</th>
    <th>头像</th>
    <th>操作</th>
  </tr>
  {% for stu in stus %}
  <tr>
  <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
  <td>{{ stu.sname }}</td>
  <td><img style=\"width: 200px;\" src=\"{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ stu.photo }}\"/></td>
  <td><a href=\"/student/download/?photo={{ stu.photo }}\" rel=\"external nofollow\" >下载</a></td>
  </tr>
  {% endfor %}

</table>
</body>
</html>


#因为 show.html href=\"/student/download ,所以要修改urls
#修改 stu/urls.py,新增加 url
url(r\'^download/$\',views.download_view)

#修改 stu/views.py

def download_view(request):
  # 获取请求参数(图片存储位置) imgs/5566.jpg
  photo = request.GET.get(\'photo\',\'\')
  print photo

  # 获取图片文件名5566.jpg ; rindex 为字符 \'/\' 在 photo 中最后出现的位置索引;例如
  # txt = \"imgs/5566.jpg\"
  # x = txt.rindex(\"/\")
  # print txt[x + 1:]  输出结果为 5566.jpg
  filename = photo[photo.rindex(\'/\')+1:]
  print filename
  #开启一个流
  import os
  path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),\'media\',photo.replace(\'/\',\'\\\\\'))
  print path

  with open(path,\'rb\') as fr:
    response = HttpResponse(fr.read())
    response[\'Content-Type\']=\'image/png\'
    response[\'Content-Disposition\'] = \'attachment;filename=\' + filename

  return response

#访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/showall/ ,点击下载

Django 实现图片上传和下载功能

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