最近在学习python,做一些python练习题
有一题是这样的:
使用 Python 实现:对着电脑吼一声,自动打开浏览器中的默认网站。
例如,对着笔记本电脑吼一声“百度”,浏览器自动打开百度首页。
然后开始search相应的功能需要的模块(windows10),理一下思路:
- 本地录音
- 上传录音,获得返回结果
- 组一个map,根据结果打开相应的网页
所需模块:
- PyAudio:录音接口
- wave:打开录音文件并设置音频参数
- requests:GET/POST
为什么要用百度语音识别api呢?因为免费试用。。
不多说,登录百度云,创建应用
查看文档REST API文档
文档写的蛮详细的,简单概括就是
1.可以下载使用SDK
2.不需要下载使用SDK
选择2.
- 根据文档组装url获取token
- 处理本地音频以JSON格式POST到百度语音识别服务器,获得返回结果
语音格式
格式支持:pcm(不压缩)、wav(不压缩,pcm编码)、amr(压缩格式)。推荐pcm 采样率 :16000 固定值。 编码:16bit 位深的单声道。
百度服务端会将非pcm格式,转为pcm格式,因此使用wav、amr会有额外的转换耗时。
保存为pcm格式可以识别,只是windows自带播放器识别不了pcm格式的,所以改用wav格式,毕竟用的模块是wave
?
首先是本地录音
import wave from pyaudio import PyAudio, paInt16 framerate = 16000 # 采样率 num_samples = 2000 # 采样点 channels = 1 # 声道 sampwidth = 2 # 采样宽度2bytes FILEPATH = \'speech.wav\' def save_wave_file(filepath, data): wf = wave.open(filepath, \'wb\') wf.setnchannels(channels) wf.setsampwidth(sampwidth) wf.setframerate(framerate) wf.writeframes(b\'\'.join(data)) wf.close() #录音 def my_record(): pa = PyAudio() #打开一个新的音频stream stream = pa.open(format=paInt16, channels=channels, rate=framerate, input=True, frames_per_buffer=num_samples) my_buf = [] #存放录音数据 t = time.time() print(\'正在录音...\') while time.time() < t + 4: # 设置录音时间(秒) #循环read,每次read 2000frames string_audio_data = stream.read(num_samples) my_buf.append(string_audio_data) print(\'录音结束.\') save_wave_file(FILEPATH, my_buf) stream.close()
然后是获取token
import requests import base64 #百度语音要求对本地语音二进制数据进行base64编码 #组装url获取token,详见文档 base_url = \"https://openapi.baidu.com/oauth/2.0/token?grant_type=client_credentials&client_id=%s&client_secret=%s\" APIKey = \"LZAdqHUGC********mbfKm\" SecretKey = \"WYPPwgHu********BU6GM*****\" HOST = base_url % (APIKey, SecretKey) def getToken(host): res = requests.post(host) return res.json()[\'access_token\'] #传入语音二进制数据,token #dev_pid为百度语音识别提供的几种语言选择 def speech2text(speech_data, token, dev_pid=1537): FORMAT = \'wav\' RATE = \'16000\' CHANNEL = 1 CUID = \'********\' SPEECH = base64.b64encode(speech_data).decode(\'utf-8\') data = { \'format\': FORMAT, \'rate\': RATE, \'channel\': CHANNEL, \'cuid\': CUID, \'len\': len(speech_data), \'speech\': SPEECH, \'token\': token, \'dev_pid\':dev_pid } url = \'https://vop.baidu.com/server_api\' headers = {\'Content-Type\': \'application/json\'} # r=requests.post(url,data=json.dumps(data),headers=headers) print(\'正在识别...\') r = requests.post(url, json=data, headers=headers) Result = r.json() if \'result\' in Result: return Result[\'result\'][0] else: return Result
最后就是对返回的结果进行匹配,这里使用webbrowser
这个模块
webbrower.open(url)
完整demo
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Date : 2018-12-02 19:04:55 import wave import requests import time import base64 from pyaudio import PyAudio, paInt16 import webbrowser framerate = 16000 # 采样率 num_samples = 2000 # 采样点 channels = 1 # 声道 sampwidth = 2 # 采样宽度2bytes FILEPATH = \'speech.wav\' base_url = \"https://openapi.baidu.com/oauth/2.0/token?grant_type=client_credentials&client_id=%s&client_secret=%s\" APIKey = \"********\" SecretKey = \"************\" HOST = base_url % (APIKey, SecretKey) def getToken(host): res = requests.post(host) return res.json()[\'access_token\'] def save_wave_file(filepath, data): wf = wave.open(filepath, \'wb\') wf.setnchannels(channels) wf.setsampwidth(sampwidth) wf.setframerate(framerate) wf.writeframes(b\'\'.join(data)) wf.close() def my_record(): pa = PyAudio() stream = pa.open(format=paInt16, channels=channels, rate=framerate, input=True, frames_per_buffer=num_samples) my_buf = [] # count = 0 t = time.time() print(\'正在录音...\') while time.time() < t + 4: # 秒 string_audio_data = stream.read(num_samples) my_buf.append(string_audio_data) print(\'录音结束.\') save_wave_file(FILEPATH, my_buf) stream.close() def get_audio(file): with open(file, \'rb\') as f: data = f.read() return data def speech2text(speech_data, token, dev_pid=1537): FORMAT = \'wav\' RATE = \'16000\' CHANNEL = 1 CUID = \'*******\' SPEECH = base64.b64encode(speech_data).decode(\'utf-8\') data = { \'format\': FORMAT, \'rate\': RATE, \'channel\': CHANNEL, \'cuid\': CUID, \'len\': len(speech_data), \'speech\': SPEECH, \'token\': token, \'dev_pid\':dev_pid } url = \'https://vop.baidu.com/server_api\' headers = {\'Content-Type\': \'application/json\'} # r=requests.post(url,data=json.dumps(data),headers=headers) print(\'正在识别...\') r = requests.post(url, json=data, headers=headers) Result = r.json() if \'result\' in Result: return Result[\'result\'][0] else: return Result def openbrowser(text): maps = { \'百度\': [\'百度\', \'baidu\'], \'腾讯\': [\'腾讯\', \'tengxun\'], \'网易\': [\'网易\', \'wangyi\'] } if text in maps[\'百度\']: webbrowser.open_new_tab(\'https://www.baidu.com\') elif text in maps[\'腾讯\']: webbrowser.open_new_tab(\'https://www.qq.com\') elif text in maps[\'网易\']: webbrowser.open_new_tab(\'https://www.163.com/\') else: webbrowser.open_new_tab(\'https://www.baidu.com/s?wd=%s\' % text) if __name__ == \'__main__\': flag = \'y\' while flag.lower() == \'y\': print(\'请输入数字选择语言:\') devpid = input(\'1536:普通话(简单英文),1537:普通话(有标点),1737:英语,1637:粤语,1837:四川话\\n\') my_record() TOKEN = getToken(HOST) speech = get_audio(FILEPATH) result = speech2text(speech, TOKEN, int(devpid)) print(result) if type(result) == str: openbrowser(result.strip(\',\')) flag = input(\'Continue?(y/n):\')
经测试,大吼效果更佳
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